Technical Guide
Cutting formulas, dimension symbols, tolerance classes, order code structure and series selection by material: a short reference for reading the Geppetto catalogue tables correctly.
Basic cutting formulas
The formulas give theoretical starting values; for series-specific values see the cutting data pages of the catalogue.
n = Vc × 1000 / (π × D)Spindle speed [min⁻¹]Vc = π × D × n / 1000Cutting speed [m/min]vf = n × z × fzFeed rate in milling [mm/min]fz = vf / (n × z)Feed per tooth [mm]vf = n × fFeed rate in drilling [mm/min]Q = ap × ae × vf / 1000Metal removal rate [cm³/min]Symbols
| Vc | Cutting speed | m/min |
|---|---|---|
| n | Spindle speed | min⁻¹ |
| D | Tool diameter | mm |
| z | Number of flutes | – |
| fz | Feed per tooth | mm |
| f | Feed per revolution | mm |
| vf | Feed rate | mm/min |
| ap | Axial depth of cut | mm |
| ae | Radial width of cut | mm |
| Q | Metal removal rate | cm³/min |
Symbols in the dimension tables
Table headings may differ slightly between series; for the exact meaning see the technical drawing on the relevant catalogue page.
Shank form
The shank form is stated on the product pages. DIN 6535 HA is a plain cylindrical shank, HB a shank with a clamping flat (Weldon).
Tolerance classes
The codes in the headings are ISO 286 tolerance classes: the letter gives the position of the deviation, the number the tolerance grade. Numerical deviations are read from the ISO 286 tables for the diameter.
How to read the order code
The order code in the tables consists of the series code, the dimension section and the coating code. Simply quote the code exactly as listed when requesting an offer or ordering.
The structure of the dimension section varies from series to series; the valid dimensions are always those in the relevant product table.
Series selection by material
The table is compiled from the application ranges stated on the product pages of our end mills. ● = suitable material group.
| Series | PUnalloyed steels | PFree-machining steels | PLow-alloy steels | MStainless steels | KCast iron | HHardened materials | SHeat-resistant alloys | STitanium and titanium alloys | NAluminium |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MS Series (Z2)Plain cutting edge, standard length | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||
| MS Series (Z3)Plain cutting edge, standard length | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||
| MS Series (Z4)Plain cutting edge, standard length | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||
| MR SeriesCorner radius, standard length | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||
| MF1C Series (Z4)Coated end mills for general use | ● | ● | ● | ||||||
| MPR Series (Z4)Plain cutting edge, polished | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||
| MCR SeriesCorner radius, standard length | ● | ● | ● | ||||||
| MC Series (Z4)High-performance roughing end mills | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||
| MRS Series (Z4)Serrated (chip-breaker) roughing end mills | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||
| MC SeriesHigh-performance roughing end mills | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||
| MRS Series (Z6)Serrated (chip-breaker) roughing end mills | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||
| MLR Series (Z4)Long reach, corner radius | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||
| MSXM Series (Z4)Extra long | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||
| MRC Series (Z4)Long reach roughing, corner radius | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||
| MCX SeriesExtra long roughing end mills | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||
| MCL Series (Z4)Long neck roughing end mills | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||
| MCL Series (Z6)Long neck roughing end mills | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||
| MST SeriesPlain cutting edge, standard length | ● | ● | ● | ||||||
| AS SeriesAluminium machining | ● | ||||||||
| ASL SeriesAluminium machining, long version | ● | ||||||||
| MPA SeriesAluminium machining | ● | ||||||||
| MA SeriesAluminium machining | ● |
For series not listed, see the product page or the relevant catalogue page, or ask us.
Selection and application tools
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